Having learned about this, the author may have added the "w" to his surname in his early twenties, shortly after graduating from college, in an effort to dissociate himself from his notorious forebears. Hawthorne's father, Nathaniel Hathorne, Sr., was a sea captain who died in 1808 of yellow fever in Suriname.After his death, young Nathaniel, his mother and two sisters moved in with maternal relatives, the Mannings, in Salem, where they lived for 10 years. William's son and the author's great-great-grandfather, John Hathorne, was one of the judges who oversaw the Salem Witch Trials. There he became an important member of the Massachusetts Bay Colony and held many political positions including magistrate and judge, becoming infamous for his harsh sentencing.
William Hathorne, the author's great-great-great-grandfather, a Puritan, was the first of the family to emigrate from England, first settling in Dorchester, Massachusetts before moving to Salem. Nathaniel Hathorne was born on July 4, 1804, in Salem, Massachusetts his birthplace is preserved and open to the public. Hawthorne died on May 19, 1864, and was survived by his wife and their three children. A political appointment took Hawthorne and family to Europe before their return to The Wayside in 1860. The Scarlet Letter was published in 1850, followed by a succession of other novels. The couple moved to The Old Manse in Concord, Massachusetts, later moving to Salem, the Berkshires, then to The Wayside in Concord. He worked at a Custom House and joined Brook Farm, a transcendentalist community, before marrying Peabody in 1842. The next year, he became engaged to Sophia Peabody. He published several short stories in various periodicals which he collected in 1837 as Twice-Told Tales. Hawthorne anonymously published his first work, a novel titled Fanshawe, in 1828. He entered Bowdoin College in 1821, was elected to Phi Beta Kappa in 1824, and graduated in 1825. Nathaniel later added a "w" to make his name "Hawthorne" in order to hide this relation. His ancestors include John Hathorne, the only judge involved in the Salem witch trials who never repented of his actions. He was born in 1804 in Salem, Massachusetts to Nathaniel Hathorne and the former Elizabeth Clarke Manning.
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